Pour tout savoir sur sa carrière en tant qu'entraîneur
Les pourcentages indiqués dans les tableaux ci-dessous correspondent aux taux de réussite en pari Simple Gagnant et Simple Placé de Rayon J.Y. en fonction de différents paramètres (hippodrome, discipline, jour de course, etc.).
| Hippodrome | Réussite Gagnant/Placé |
|---|---|
| Nantes |
100%
100%
|
| Cagnes Sur Mer |
0%
50%
|
| Cherbourg |
0%
50%
|
| Discipline | Réussite Gagnant/Placé |
|---|---|
| Attelé |
5%
19%
|
| Monté |
5%
17%
|
| Jockey | Réussite Gagnant/Placé |
|---|---|
| Ricart J. Y. |
100%
100%
|
| Baude S. |
0%
100%
|
| Raffin E. |
0%
50%
|
| Jour | Réussite Gagnant/Placé |
|---|---|
| Mercredi |
6%
22%
|
| Jeudi |
5%
18%
|
| Vendredi |
3%
16%
|
Statistiques calculées au 14/11/2025 sur la totalité de la carrière de l'entraîneur, hors courses PMH.
| Simple Gagnant | Simple Placé | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hippodrome | Réussite | Rapport Moyen | Rentabilité | Nbre de courses | Réussite | Rapport Moyen | Rentabilité | Nbre de courses | ||
| Nantes | 100% | 4,40€ | 340% |
1/1
|
100% | 2,40€ | 140% |
1/1
|
||
| Cagnes Sur Mer | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
50% | 1,80€ | -10% |
1/2
|
||
| Cherbourg | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
50% | 1,90€ | -5% |
1/2
|
||
| Angers | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
50% | 3€ | 50% |
1/2
|
||
| Argentan | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
50% | 1,50€ | -25% |
1/2
|
||
| Rambouillet | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/6
|
50% | 3,60€ | 80% |
3/6
|
||
| Le Mont Saint Michel | 33% | 5,10€ | 70% |
1/3
|
33% | 2€ | -33% |
1/3
|
||
| Cordemais | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/3
|
33% | 4,90€ | 63% |
1/3
|
||
| Feurs | 22% | 4,25€ | -6% |
2/9
|
33% | 1,80€ | -40% |
3/9
|
||
| Vichy | 11% | 1,80€ | -80% |
1/9
|
33% | 2,80€ | -7% |
3/9
|
||
| Lyon La Soie | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/3
|
33% | 1,90€ | -37% |
1/3
|
||
| Maure De Bretagne | 33% | 3,70€ | 23% |
1/3
|
33% | 1,80€ | -40% |
1/3
|
||
| Le Croise Laroche | 15% | 6,43€ | -4% |
10/67
|
28% | 2,51€ | -29% |
19/67
|
||
| Strasbourg | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/25
|
28% | 2,43€ | -32% |
7/25
|
||
| Le Mans | 9% | 26,20€ | 138% |
1/11
|
27% | 3,37€ | -8% |
3/11
|
||
| La Capelle | 7% | 6,94€ | -52% |
7/102
|
25% | 3,42€ | -13% |
26/102
|
||
| Divonne Les Bains | 25% | 7,60€ | 90% |
1/4
|
25% | 2,40€ | -40% |
1/4
|
||
| Lisieux | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/4
|
25% | 1,70€ | -58% |
1/4
|
||
| Caen | 6% | 7,60€ | -55% |
1/17
|
24% | 4,13€ | -3% |
4/17
|
||
| Nancy | 8% | 4,35€ | -67% |
2/26
|
23% | 2,85€ | -34% |
6/26
|
||
| Graignes | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/5
|
20% | 3,60€ | -28% |
1/5
|
||
| Laval | 13% | 3,70€ | -51% |
2/15
|
20% | 1,67€ | -67% |
3/15
|
||
| Enghien Soisy | 5% | 8,51€ | -55% |
7/131
|
17% | 3,28€ | -45% |
22/131
|
||
| Reims | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/43
|
16% | 3,79€ | -38% |
7/43
|
||
| Vincennes | 2% | 10,51€ | -75% |
11/458
|
15% | 4,08€ | -38% |
69/458
|
||
| Cabourg | 5% | 30,60€ | 42% |
2/43
|
14% | 4,52€ | -37% |
6/43
|
||
| Amiens | 7% | 5,25€ | -65% |
2/30
|
13% | 2,05€ | -73% |
4/30
|
||
| Mauquenchy | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/31
|
10% | 1,90€ | -82% |
3/31
|
||
| Chartres | 9% | 16€ | 45% |
2/22
|
9% | 4,10€ | -63% |
2/22
|
||
| Alencon | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Arras | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Bernay | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Chateaubriant | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Compiegne | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Laon | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Lignieres | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Mamers | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Montier En Der | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Ranes | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Saint Jean De Monts | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Savigny Sur Braye | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Vesoul | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Vire | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Avranches | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Bihorel Les Rouens | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Dreux | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Le Neubourg | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Montmirail | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Orleans | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Saint Malo | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Vitre | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Bagnoles De L'Orne | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Bordeaux Le Bouscat | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Chalons En Champagne | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Chinon | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Craon | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Ecommoy | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Francheville | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| La Roche Posay | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Le Touquet | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Moulins | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Pontivy | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Royan La Palmyre | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Saint Omer | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/3
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/3
|
||
| Tours | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Villedieu Les Poeles | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Vittel | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/4
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/4
|
||
| Abbeville | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Berck Sur Mer | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Cholet | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Dieppe | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Elbeuf | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Gournay En Bray | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Landivisiau | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Les Andelys | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Lyon Parilly | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Meslay Du Maine | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/5
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/5
|
||
| Saint Galmier | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Saint Pierre La Cour | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Vertou | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Simple Gagnant | Simple Placé | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Discipline | Réussite | Rapport Moyen | Rentabilité | Nbre de courses | Réussite | Rapport Moyen | Rentabilité | Nbre de courses | ||
| Attelé | 5% | 7,82€ | -62% |
46/935
|
19% | 3,33€ | -38% |
173/935
|
||
| Monté | 5% | 14,16€ | -35% |
8/173
|
17% | 3,79€ | -37% |
29/173
|
||
| Simple Gagnant | Simple Placé | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jockey | Réussite | Rapport Moyen | Rentabilité | Nbre de courses | Réussite | Rapport Moyen | Rentabilité | Nbre de courses | ||
| Ricart J. Y. | 100% | 4,20€ | 320% |
1/1
|
100% | 1,60€ | 60% |
1/1
|
||
| Baude S. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
100% | 3,60€ | 260% |
1/1
|
||
| Raffin E. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
50% | 1,80€ | -10% |
1/2
|
||
| Poree R. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/9
|
44% | 2,33€ | 3% |
4/9
|
||
| Dersoir S. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/6
|
33% | 1,80€ | -40% |
2/6
|
||
| Bazire J. M. | 14% | 3,02€ | -59% |
5/37
|
30% | 2,15€ | -36% |
11/37
|
||
| Bonne D. | 25% | 22,60€ | 465% |
1/4
|
25% | 6€ | 50% |
1/4
|
||
| Verva P. Y. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/8
|
25% | 2,75€ | -31% |
2/8
|
||
| Nivard F. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/4
|
25% | 1,80€ | -55% |
1/4
|
||
| Dromigny T. | 15% | 3,75€ | -42% |
2/13
|
23% | 2,90€ | -33% |
3/13
|
||
| Ouvrie F. | 6% | 4,44€ | -73% |
5/83
|
23% | 3,07€ | -30% |
19/83
|
||
| Pinault F. | 6% | 6,20€ | -66% |
1/18
|
22% | 4,13€ | -8% |
4/18
|
||
| Morandeau Mlle M. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/5
|
20% | 6,70€ | 34% |
1/5
|
||
| Nivard F. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/5
|
20% | 1,80€ | -64% |
1/5
|
||
| Viet Th. | 6% | 10,42€ | -40% |
36/625
|
20% | 3,34€ | -35% |
122/625
|
||
| Lagadeuc F. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/33
|
18% | 3,05€ | -45% |
6/33
|
||
| Rayon J. Y. | 2% | 7,45€ | -84% |
2/93
|
14% | 4€ | -44% |
13/93
|
||
| Lenoir M. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/9
|
11% | 12,50€ | 39% |
1/9
|
||
| Barisi F. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/10
|
10% | 5€ | -50% |
1/10
|
||
| Garandeau A. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/20
|
10% | 3€ | -70% |
2/20
|
||
| Vanmeerbeck J. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/21
|
10% | 5,25€ | -50% |
2/21
|
||
| Col L. | 4% | 5,10€ | -80% |
1/25
|
8% | 2,50€ | -80% |
2/25
|
||
| Mlle Ropero L. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/15
|
7% | 16,60€ | 11% |
1/15
|
||
| Eric Duperche | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/16
|
6% | 4,70€ | -71% |
1/16
|
||
| Levesque P. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Peltier S. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Pralus J. P. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Bernier B. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Piton J. Ch. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Bartlett J. J. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Rebeche A. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Abrivard M. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Masschaele Ph. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/8
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/8
|
||
| Anne F. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Chauve G. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Mlle Moulin F. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Lebarque V. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/6
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/6
|
||
| Declerck M. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Abrivard A. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/5
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/5
|
||
| Dromigny Th. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/4
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/4
|
||
| Abrivard L. Cl. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Y Lebourgeois | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Tompain D. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/3
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/3
|
||
| Bezier M. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Hupe J. B. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Verva M. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Desoete M. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Pierre A. Ed. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Hemery R. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Gelormini G. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Crespel D. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Pacha N. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Randon A. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Verva L. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Callier P. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Vaugrante Cl. Ch. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Mlle Declerck M. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Mlle Rousier E. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/2
|
||
| Senet J. F. | 0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
0% | 0€ | -100% |
0/1
|
||
| Sionneau H. | 0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
0% | 0€ | 0% |
0/0
|
||
| Simple Gagnant | Simple Placé | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jour | Réussite | Rapport Moyen | Rentabilité | Nbre de courses | Réussite | Rapport Moyen | Rentabilité | Nbre de courses | ||
| Mercredi | 6% | 10,57€ | -41% |
9/162
|
22% | 4,11€ | -11% |
35/162
|
||
| Jeudi | 5% | 7,00€ | -62% |
8/146
|
18% | 3,05€ | -44% |
27/146
|
||
| Vendredi | 3% | 7,33€ | -81% |
6/226
|
16% | 3,60€ | -43% |
36/226
|
||
| Samedi | 4% | 8,96€ | -66% |
7/187
|
14% | 4,11€ | -41% |
27/187
|
||
| Dimanche | 5% | 7,36€ | -61% |
12/229
|
14% | 3,02€ | -59% |
31/229
|
||
| Mardi | 2% | 5,18€ | -89% |
5/235
|
7% | 2,18€ | -85% |
16/235
|
||
| Lundi | 2% | 14,40€ | -78% |
7/449
|
7% | 3,00€ | -80% |
30/449
|
||
Veuillez noter que les pronostics et les rapports ne sont pas disponibles pour les courses PMH.
| Date | Hippodrome Prix |
Discipline | Cheval | Probabilités Gagnant/Placé |
Rapports SG/SP |
Cote PMU | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
21 mai 2017 |
Rambouillet
Prix Sol Progres |
Attelé | Eole Du Faucon | 8% 31% | - 3,70€ | 26.8 | 2ème |
13 mai 2017 |
Vincennes
Prix du Mans |
Attelé | Davidson Du Pont | 7% 22% | - - | 15.8 | 4ème |
6 mai 2017 |
Vincennes
Prix de Quiberon |
Attelé | Djembe Du Pont | 4% 15% | - - | 21.4 | - |
20 avr. 2017 |
Enghien Soisy
Prix de Duras |
Attelé | Djembe Du Pont | 11% 30% | - - | 2.9 | - |
19 avr. 2017 |
Cordemais
Prix de la Ville de Coueron |
Attelé | Diane Soyer | 10% 28% | - - | 13 | 9ème |
19 avr. 2017 |
Cordemais
Prix de la Ville de Savenay |
Attelé | Catalina Du Pont | 3% 17% | - - | 81.7 | - |
18 avr. 2017 |
Vincennes
Prix Henrietta |
Attelé | Davidson Du Pont | 11% 35% | 3,50€ 1,40€ | 10 | 1er |
7 avr. 2017 |
Vincennes
Prix Aquila |
Attelé | Dalba Soyer | 2% 11% | - - | 50.3 | - |
7 avr. 2017 |
Vincennes
Prix Aquila |
Attelé | Divine Du Pont | 8% 27% | - - | 21.9 | - |
1er avr. 2017 |
Caen
Prix D'Hermanville |
Monté | Catalina Du Pont | 4% 19% | - - | 9.4 | 7ème |
1er avr. 2017 |
Laval
Prix Balou Boy (gr a) |
Attelé | Diane Soyer | 11% 33% | - - | 10.6 | 9ème |
30 mars 2017 |
Reims
Prix Bar Pmu le Sanglier - vouziers |
Attelé | Eole Du Faucon | 7% 24% | - 3,20€ | 13.2 | 2ème |
25 mars 2017 |
Vincennes
Prix de Gueugnon |
Attelé | Davidson Du Pont | 9% 26% | - - | 18.5 | 7ème |
24 mars 2017 |
Vincennes
Prix Clorinde |
Attelé | Divine Du Pont | 5% 17% | - - | 42.5 | 5ème |
20 mars 2017 |
Angers
Prix de Bagneux (gr b) |
Attelé | Diane Soyer | 15% 36% | - - | 1er | |
17 mars 2017 |
Mauquenchy
Prix Ushiro Gwen (gr c) |
Attelé | Eole Du Faucon | 10% 28% | - - | 4ème | |
11 mars 2017 |
Le Croise Laroche
Prix Francois Bernard |
Attelé | Djembe Du Pont | 8% 24% | - 1,50€ | 2.4 | 2ème |
5 mars 2017 |
Chartres
Prix du Comite Departemental D'Equitatio |
Attelé | Diane Soyer | 4% 15% | 22,60€ 6€ | 22.6 | 1er |
4 mars 2017 |
Vincennes
Prix de Monpazier |
Attelé | Davidson Du Pont | 7% 21% | - 3,40€ | 14.4 | 2ème |
1er mars 2017 |
Enghien Soisy
Prix de Chennevieres |
Attelé | Divine Du Pont | 11% 33% | - - | 7.9 | - |
1er mars 2017 |
Enghien Soisy
Prix D'Herblay |
Monté | D'Artagnan Du Pont | 2% 10% | - - | 76.3 | - |
27 fév. 2017 |
Le Croise Laroche
Prix Des Erables |
Attelé | Eole Du Faucon | 6% 23% | - - | - | |
27 fév. 2017 |
Enghien Soisy
Prix de Fenain |
Monté | Dalba Soyer | 4% 15% | - - | 44.8 | 6ème |
26 fév. 2017 |
Vincennes
Prix Gras Savoye (prix de Monflanquin) |
Attelé | Venise Soyer | 1% 7% | - - | 70.3 | - |
25 fév. 2017 |
Enghien Soisy
Prix de Pougues Les Eaux |
Monté | Catalina Du Pont | 14% 39% | 4,20€ 1,60€ | 4.2 | 1er |